Factors and Strategy for Sustainable Tourism in Boti Village, East

The potentiality and limitation of tourism development in Boti Village of Timor Island lead to the needs of a comprehensive strategy to enhance the sustainability of tourism. The aims of the research are to describes the variable influence the sustainability of tourism and drawn the design for sustainable tourism in Boti Village. This research identifies 13 variables as crucial factors to determine the sustainable tourism in Boti Village. It is including strengthening local law in Boti, implementation of tourism regulation, formalizing regulation related to tourism zonation, strengthening conservation program, infrastructure development, accessibility improvement, fundraising and generating public support for funding, strengthening community development program and implementation, promoting research for tourism development, strengthening role of local institution (or locally called Lembaga Adat/Masyarakat ), strengthening role of government in tourism infrastructure and accessibility development, strengthening the role of private sector, and developing and improving proper marketing strategy..

enhance the socio-cultural aspect of local community in Boti.
Numerous internal and external aspect influence the success and future sustainability of tourism in Boti.Sustainability recently is important issues in the global life, including in tourism sector.Scholar point out that there are numerous aspect influence the sustainability of tourism, ranging from social, economic and environmental aspect.In many case, these factors is not independent, but each factor will have correlation with other factors [5,6].Therefore, planning to meets sustainable tourism need comprehensive approach.As far, few studies were available to provide comprehensive perspective on tourism basic planning in Boti.The aims of the research is to describes the variable influence the sustainability of tourism and drawn the design for sustainable tourism in Boti Village.

MATERIALS AND METHOD Participatory Prospective Analysis
Strategy development for sustainable tourism development in Boti was firstly done by developing sustainability scenario using Participatory Prospective Analysis (PPA).The PPA as an instrument analysis which is designed to identify and anticipate changes with expert involvement in analysis process, including the policy holders which are related to the tourism destination development [7].
PPA is an adaptation of numerous comprehensive methods in the rapid and comprehensive Sustainable Tourism in Boti Village (Suddin) [10] J. Ind. Tour.Dev.Std., Vol.6, No.1, January 2018 framework of operational work.The cognitive aspect of the methods is related to its typology.It focus on interactions and consensus building, that are able to produce a particular concencuss among the inter stakeholder interaction.It is useful in the perpective of planning.This methods based on some principles, including participation, transparation, consistency, efectivity, relevancy, arguable, and able to increase stakeholders capacity [7].
Generally, there are steps in the process of planning that are conceptualized following the objectivity and rationality, including (a) data collection, (b) data analisys, (c) policy making, (d) implementation and (e) monitoring.The first and second steps is important and inlfuce the success of the next steps.
Participatory Prospective Analysis was done by following these steps: (a) system identification, (b) system variable identification, (c) key variable identification, (d) the impact of inter variable analysis, (e) interpretation of all impact and inter variable dependency, (f) states -of future variable, (g) scenario development, and (h) establishing implication strategic and anticipation actions [7].System identification was done as first stage in expert meeting, and it was done with discussion methods among expert.This steps is important for the future phase.

Data Collection
Identification of system variable was done using questionnaire, interviews and brainstorming.It is started from variable that have impact to system arrangement and evolution.To ensure the equal participation, the visual techniques using colour charts.Respondent was requested to freely state the important variable, at least one variable in one chart.Charts were collected and attached to the board.The similar statement (redundant), was deleted and changes with other charts.In this steps, there are concencuss from all respondents to delete and add the charts.In this steps, the discussion related to the relevancy of variables was done, and it is follow up by development of participant's opinion and concencuss.
Key variable definition was done using structured discussion that discuss the relevancy of each agreed variable.There are simple roles in developing participant opinions to defines variable or not variable, including (1) not question sentence; (2) not negative statement; and (3) not physical expression.Variabel that cannot be stated in different situation was classified as irrelevant variable.From this step, the final definitf system variable was defined and analysed.

Data Analysis
The analysis on the impact of inter-variable was done using structural analys and work group.Respondent answers analysis was focused on the influence/dependence of each variable to other variable using consensual valuations approach.The direct conception valuation of each variable to other variable was illustrated in Table 1.
The valuation of variable impact to other variable was scored from 0 as no impact to 3 as strong impact.These value was discussed among respondent and after get concessus was fill up at influence/dependence (I/D) matrix.Number of valuation depend on the number of identified variable.If there are n variable, there are n 2 -n relationship among variables which should discussed and evaluated.Interpretation of influence/dependence was analized using Microsoft Excel softwere, with table and figure as output analysis.The direct and indirect graph shows the streght level of variable.The determination of key factor or dominant factor shows level of influence and links between attributes in the sustainable system.In this situation, each quadrant in diagram has specific and different characters [7].Each quadrant has characteristics as explained below: 1) Quadrant I (driving variables) contains factors that has strong impact but has low dependent.This quadrant is called driving variables and considered as a strongest factor in system.2) Quadrant II (leverage variables) contains factors that has strong influence but also has strong leverage variables, in which each factors in this quadrant was viewed as strong variable.3) Quadrant III (output variables) represents the output factor, in which its influence was less but has high dependency.4) Quadrant IV (marginal variables) is the factor with low influence and low dependency.Factors in this quadrant can be ignored in the system.

Morphology Analysis
The next step after Participatory Prospective Analysis is the morphology analysis or steps to define the condition of variable in the future.This analysis aims to estimates future domain and propose alternatives.This analysis was done by defining future key variable following Bourgeois and Jesus [7].Respondent was asked to identify some conditions of future variable and focus to the free alternatives.The defined variable and its condition was set up into table that shows the future scenario combination.
Basically, these variable has been identified important among scholar, especially to create sustainable tourism in developing countries with huge biodiversity and local culture tradition.Among the important drive variable in sustainability was infrastructure.In which this aspect contribute significantly in sustainable tourism development [8,9].

Keys Variable Related to Leverages Factors and Stakeholders Needs
Variable keys related to leverages factors and stakeholders needs towards sustainable tourism in Boti was given in Table 4.There are various key variables identified, indicates that the development of sustainable tourism cannot be implemented into single perspectives.Therefore, developing consensus among tourism stakeholder in Boti is important towards sustainable tourism development.Tosun [10] point out that negotiating among stakeholder and establishing consensus is important, especially in the situation where community participation is the crucial issues in tourism development.From the systematic synthesis, the consensus of stakeholder on the possible state for sustainable tourism development in Boti was given in Table 5.From the analysis, the possible and better scenario towards sustainable tourism in Boti was given in Table 6.
The scenario with highest score 633 and average 3.25 will occurs sustainably within 2-5 years located at the combination of 1B; 2C; 3B; 4C; 5B; 6C; 7B; 8B; 9B; 10C; 11C; 12B; 13B.This scenario seems to be ideal for the implementation of sustainable tourism development in Boti.In the perspectives of stakeholders, the signifycant strategy was summarized in Table 7.
From these results, it clear that there are some basic principles to support sustainable tourism development.More principally, it is seems that promoting and strengthening local law becomes the fundamental aspect and spirit for any tourism development program.Result of the analysis indicates that sustaining sustainable live of community in Boti is the main issues in Boti development, and tourism is should be complemented and able to support local culture live and traditions.Scholar point out that it's become fundamental aspect for tourism development [11].
Strengthening local culture and tradition with local law guideline has been contributes signifycantly in Bali.Local institution and local culture has been contribute in outstanding and sustainable landscape, in which it is important to attract tourist to enjoy Bali [12].The local law can be complement with tourism regulation which area set up by central and local government to manage tourism development.Scholars point out that tourism regulation is important to ensure tourism contribute to social, economic and environmental aspects [13].Tourism zonation and environmental conservation is attributes to the sustainable tourism development, and these aspect has been mentioned by authors as an important aspect in tourism destination development [14].Another aspect, i.e. infrastructure development, accessibility and funding support has been identified as key for destination competitiveness [8].

Table 1 .
The Valuation of Direct Conception on Each Variable to Other Variable

[11] J. Ind. Tour. Dev. Std., Vol.6, No.1, January 2018
. Result of the study found that many aspet related to sustainable tourism development in Boti can be classified into four quadrant.This classification can be described below.

Table 2 .
Global Influence and Dependency of Leverages Factors in Sustainable Tourism Development in Boti

Table 3 .
Global Impact and Dependency of Factors Related to Stakeholder Needs in the Development of Sustainable Tourism [13] J. Ind. Tour.Dev.Std., Vol.6, No.1, January 2018

Table 4 .
Identification of Keys Variable Combination of Leverages Factors and Stakeholders Needs in the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Boti

Table 5 .
Respondent Consensus on the Possible State for Sustainable Tourism Development in Boti

Table 6 .
Summary of Possible and Better Scenario towards Sustainable Tourism in Boti

Table 7 .
Identification of Strategy for Sustainable Tourism Development in BotiCONCLUSIONThere are 13 variable identified as factors that contributes to the sustainable touism in Boti Village, Timor Island.It is includes strenghteneing local law, Implementation of tourism regulation, Formalizing regulation related to tourism zonation, Strenghtening conservation program, Infrastructure development, Accessibility improvement, Fundrising and generating public support for funding, Strenghtening community development program and implementation, Promoting research for tourism development, Strenghtening role of local institution (Lembaga Adat/ Masyarakat), Srenghteneing role of government in tourism infrastructure and accessibility development, Strenghteneing role of private sector, Developing and improving proper marketing strategy.